دليل تعليمات خادم Waveshare التسلسلي RS485 إلى RJ45 إيثرنت ذو 4 قنوات (طراز 4-CH RS485 TO POE ETH (B))

1. المقدمة

The waveshare 4-Ch RS485 to RJ45 Ethernet Serial Server, Model 4-CH RS485 TO POE ETH (B), is a multi-functional industrial device designed for data acquisition and IoT gateway applications. It features four independent RS485 channels, allowing for effective and isolated data transmission. This module integrates functionalities such as a serial server, Modbus gateway, MQTT gateway, and RS485 to JSON conversion, making it suitable for diverse industrial network environments. Its robust design includes power supply and signal isolation, along with comprehensive protection features, ensuring stable and reliable operation.

2. محتويات العبوة

عند تفريغ العبوة، يرجى التأكد من تضمين جميع العناصر التالية:

• 1x 4-CH RS485 TO POE ETH (B) Module
• 1x Rail-mount buckle
• 1 × مفك براغي
• 1x Screws pack (4 screws)

الصورة 1: Illustration of the waveshare 4-Ch RS485 to RJ45 Ethernet Serial Server and its included accessories, such as the rail-mount buckle, screwdriver, and screws.

3. Features at a Glance

The 4-Ch RS485 to RJ45 Ethernet Serial Server offers a comprehensive set of features for industrial communication needs:

• Independent RS485 Channels: Four RS485 channels operate independently, ensuring efficient and isolated data transmission without mutual interference.
• Multi-functional Integration: Combines serial server, Modbus gateway, MQTT gateway, and RS485 to JSON functionalities.
• Stable Power Input: Utilizes a screw terminal for reliable and stable power connection.
• تركيب مرن: Supports both wall-mount and rail-mount installations for quick deployment and expansion in industrial settings.
• Industrial Isolation: Features power isolation and signal isolation for enhanced reliability and anti-interference.
• PoE Ethernet Port: Includes a Power over Ethernet (PoE) enabled RJ45 port for simplified power and data connectivity (PoE version only).
• Multi-Host Support: Designed to prevent crosstalk while communicating with multiple network devices.
• قابلة للتكوين: يدعم web browser configuration, DHCP, DNS, and device management functions library.

الصورة 2: Visual representation of the core features, including industrial isolation, rail-mount capability, Modbus gateway, 4-channel independent RS485, and multiple power supply methods.

4. المواصفات

Detailed technical specifications for the 4-CH RS485 TO POE ETH (B) module:

الصورة 3: A comprehensive table outlining the technical specifications and version options for the waveshare 4-Ch RS485 to RJ45 Ethernet Serial Server.

5. الإعداد

Follow these steps to set up your waveshare 4-Ch RS485 to RJ45 Ethernet Serial Server:

5.1. توصيل الطاقة

• مدخلات طاقة التيار المستمر: Connect a DC 6-45V power supply to the V+ and V- screw terminals. Ensure correct polarity.
• PoE (الطاقة عبر الإيثرنت): If using the PoE version, connect a PoE-enabled Ethernet cable to the RJ45 port. This will provide both power and data connectivity.

5.2. اتصال الشبكة

• Connect a standard RJ45 Ethernet cable from your network switch or router to the Ethernet port on the module.
• The module defaults to static IP addresses in the range of 192.168.1.200-192.168.1.204. It is recommended to initially set up the device on an isolated network to avoid IP conflicts.

5.3. RS485 Device Connection

• Connect your RS485 devices to the corresponding A+, B-, and Signal Ground terminals for each of the four RS485 channels.
• Ensure correct wiring polarity (A+ to A+, B- to B-) for proper communication.

5.4. التكوين الأولي

• Access the device's configuration interface via a web browser by entering its default IP address (e.g., 192.168.1.200).
• Alternatively, use the provided VirCom software (available from the Waveshare Wiki) to discover and configure the device on your network.
• You can change the IP settings to DHCP or assign a static IP within your network range.

الصورة 4: Diagram illustrating the primary function of bi-directional data transmission, multi-power supply options (PoE and screw terminal), and the industrial rail-mount design.

6. تعليمات التشغيل

The 4-Ch RS485 to RJ45 Ethernet Serial Server supports various operating modes and protocols:

6.1. Multi Communication Modes

• خادم TCP: Supports up to 30 concurrent TCP connections. The module listens on configured ports, and data from serial devices is transferred to connected TCP clients.
• عميل TCP: Allows concurrent connection to up to 7 target IPs. It can also function as a server simultaneously, supporting 22 concurrent client connections. It establishes bi-directional transparent transfer between the server and serial device.
• UDP Multicast: In UDP multicast mode, the module sends and receives data to and from a multicast group, reducing network load.
• وضع UDP: The module communicates with specific IP and port numbers, improving data transfer accuracy.

6.2. Modbus Gateway Support

The module functions as a Modbus gateway, facilitating communication between Modbus TCP and Modbus RTU devices. This is ideal for upgrading Modbus networking infrastructure.

6.3. MQTT/JSON to Modbus Conversion

When used as an MQTT gateway, the device can upload serial data to an MQTT server via transparent transmission. It supports various cloud platforms. Acquired Modbus RTU or non-standard serial data can be parsed into JSON format and packaged into MQTT data packets for uploading. As a JSON data acquisition gateway, it can connect to data acquisition instruments via RS485, acquire data, convert it to JSON, and post it to a server. The uploaded data format can be configured via host, and the JSON upload protocol can be MQTT, HTTP POST, HTTP GET, etc.

6.4. Multi Hosts Roll-Polling Support

This feature ensures that different network devices are identified and responded to respectively, preventing crosstalk when communicating with multiple network devices.

6.5. User-Defined Heartbeat/Registration Packet

Facilitates easy cloud communication and device identification through user-defined heartbeat and registration packets.

6.6. NTP Protocol Support

Supports Network Time Protocol (NTP) for obtaining network time information or for data upload synchronization.

6.7. Multi Configuration Methods

The module can be configured using various methods, including a web browser interface, obtaining dynamic IP via DHCP, and DNS protocol connected domain server address. A device management functions library is also available.

الصورة 5: انتهى البصريةview of advanced features such as MQTT/JSON to Modbus conversion, multi-host roll-polling, NTP protocol support, and various configuration methods.

7. مقدمة واجهة

Understanding the physical interfaces and indicators is crucial for proper operation:

7.1. Physical Interfaces

• زر RST: يُستخدم لإعادة ضبط الجهاز إلى إعدادات المصنع الافتراضية.
• مدخل الطاقة DC 6-45V: Screw terminals for connecting external DC power (V+, V-).
• RS485 Ports (1-4): Each port has A+, B-, and Signal Ground terminals for connecting RS485 devices.
• PoE ETH Port: RJ45 connector for Ethernet and Power over Ethernet (PoE) input.

7.2. وصف المؤشر

• مؤشر الطاقة (PWR): يضيء عند تشغيل الجهاز.
• NET (Network Indicator): Blinks when connected to the Ethernet network.
• LINKx (Link Indicator): Lights up when a connection is established on the corresponding RS485 channel (x=1, 2, 3, 4).
• ACTx (Activity Indicator): Lights up when data is being transmitted on the corresponding RS485 channel (x=1, 2, 3, 4).

الصورة 6: مفصل view of the device's interfaces, including the reset button, power input, RS485 terminals, Ethernet port, and a description of the LED indicators (PWR, NET, LINKx, ACTx).

8. Multiple Protection, Safe And Stable

The module is designed with multiple protection mechanisms to ensure high reliability and strong anti-interference capabilities:

• Digital Isolation: Provides isolation for digital signals.
• حماية من التفريغ الكهروستاتيكي: Electrostatic Discharge protection.
• حماية من التيار الزائد: Safeguards against excessive current.
• أكثر من المجلدtagهـ- الحماية: يحمي من الفولtagه المسامير.
• TVS Protection: Built-in Transient Voltage Suppression (TVS) tube effectively suppresses surge voltagحجم الذروة العابرtagهـ في الدائرة.
• Resettable Fuse & Protection Diode: Ensures stable output of current and voltage, preventing over-current and over-voltage, and improving shock-proof performance.

9. Aluminium Alloy Enclosure

The device features a durable aluminum alloy enclosure with sandblasting and anodic oxidation treatment. This robust construction provides solid protection, a good hand feeling, and supports both wall-mount and rail-mount installations for industrial environments.

10. أبعاد المخطط

The physical dimensions of the module are as follows:

• الطول (L): 91.0 ملم
• العرض (العرض): 64.5 ملم
• الارتفاع (ح): 24.2 ملم

الصورة 7: Diagram showing the precise outline dimensions of the module in millimeters, along with information on batch customization support.

11. الصيانة

To ensure the longevity and optimal performance of your waveshare 4-Ch RS485 to RJ45 Ethernet Serial Server, consider the following maintenance guidelines:

• التفتيش الدوري: Periodically check all cable connections (power, Ethernet, RS485) to ensure they are secure and free from damage.
• الرقابة البيئية: Operate the device within the specified operating temperature (-40°C ~ 85°C) and humidity (5% - 95% relative humidity) ranges. Avoid exposure to extreme conditions, dust, and moisture.
• تنظيف: Keep the device clean and free from dust accumulation. Use a soft, dry cloth for cleaning. Do not use liquid cleaners.
• تحديثات البرامج الثابتة: Check the official Waveshare website or Wiki periodically for any available firmware updates. Applying updates can improve performance, add features, or fix bugs.
• ركوب الدراجات السلطة: If the device becomes unresponsive, perform a power cycle (disconnect and reconnect power) as a first troubleshooting step.

12. استكشاف الأخطاء وإصلاحها

This section addresses common issues you might encounter with the waveshare 4-Ch RS485 to RJ45 Ethernet Serial Server:

12.1. لا يوجد طاقة / مؤشر الطاقة مطفأ

• التحقق من مصدر الطاقة: Ensure the DC 6-45V power supply is correctly connected to the screw terminals and is providing the correct voltage.
• تحقق من PoE: في حالة استخدام تقنية PoE، تحقق من أن كابل الإيثرنت متصل بمنفذ يدعم تقنية PoE على جهاز التبديل/الحاقن الخاص بك وأن مصدر PoE نشط.
• فحص الأسلاك: Confirm that the power wires are securely fastened in the screw terminals and that there are no shorts or breaks.

12.2. No Network Connectivity / NET LED Not Blinking

• كابل إيثرنت: Ensure the RJ45 Ethernet cable is securely connected to both the module and your network device. Try a different cable.
• تكوين شبكة: The device defaults to static IPs (192.168.1.200-192.168.1.204). Ensure your PC is on the same subnet (e.g., 192.168.1.x) to access the web interface or use the VirCom software.
• IP Conflicts: If other devices on your network use the default IPs, configure the module on an isolated network first, then change its IP settings.
• إعدادات DHCP: If configured for DHCP, ensure a DHCP server is available on your network.

12.3. RS485 Communication Failure / ACTx LED Not Blinking

• التوصيلات الكهربائية: Double-check the RS485 wiring (A+ to A+, B- to B-) between the module and your serial devices. Ensure Signal Ground is also connected if required.
• معلمات التسلسل: Verify that the baud rate, parity bit, and data bit settings on the module match those of your connected RS485 devices.
• عنونة الجهاز: For Modbus or other protocols, ensure correct device addressing and commands are being used.
• عزل: While the module provides isolation, ensure external RS485 devices are also properly isolated or grounded to prevent ground loops.

12.4. Cannot Access Configuration Interface

• IP الافتراضي: Confirm you are using the correct default IP address (e.g., 192.168.1.200) or the IP you previously assigned.
• إتصال شبكة: Ensure your PC is on the same subnet as the module.
• VirCom Software: Use the Waveshare VirCom software to discover the device's IP address if it's unknown.
• جدار الحماية: Temporarily disable your computer's firewall to rule out blocking access.
• إعادة تعيين: If all else fails, press the RST button to restore factory default settings (this will reset the IP to default).

For more detailed troubleshooting and advanced configurations, please refer to the official Waveshare Wiki for the 4-CH RS485 TO POE ETH (B) module.

13. الضمان والدعم

This waveshare product is designed for reliability and performance. For specific warranty terms and conditions, please refer to the purchase documentation or contact your vendor. Waveshare provides technical support and resources to assist with product usage and troubleshooting.

13.1. الدعم الفني

For technical assistance, detailed documentation, and software downloads, please visit the official Waveshare website or their product Wiki. The Wiki often contains comprehensive guides, examples, and FAQs that can help resolve complex issues.

13.2. معلومات الاتصال

You can typically find contact information for Waveshare support on their official website. Please have your product model (4-CH RS485 TO POE ETH (B)) and any relevant purchase details ready when seeking support.