1. المقدمة
The Brother HD-390D is a high-precision analog multimeter designed for electricians, hobbyists, and home maintenance tasks. It provides accurate measurements for AC/DC voltage, AC/DC current, resistance, and battery levels. This manual provides essential information for safe and effective operation of your device.
2. معلومات السلامة
WARNING: READ AND UNDERSTAND THIS MANUAL BEFORE USING THE INSTRUMENT. Failure to understand and comply with the WARNING and operating instructions can result in serious or fatal injuries and/or property damage.
- Always ensure the multimeter is set to the correct function and range before connecting to a circuit.
- لا تتجاوز الحد الأقصى لمعدلات الإدخال لأي وظيفة.
- Use caution when working with live circuits. High voltagيمكن أن تكون خطيرة.
- افحص أسلاك الاختبار بحثًا عن أي تلف قبل كل استخدام. استبدلها إذا كان العازل متصدعًا أو كانت الأسلاك مكشوفة.
- تأكد من إغلاق غطاء البطارية بإحكام قبل التشغيل.
- For continued protection against fire, replace fuses only with specified types: 0.5A/250V and 10A/250V.
3. محتويات العبوة
تأكد من وجود جميع العناصر في الحزمة الخاصة بك:
- Brother HD-390D Analog Multimeter
- أسلاك الاختبار (الأحمر والأسود)
- دليل تعليمات المشغل
- Protective Carrying Case (may be included depending on variant)
Figure 3.1: Multimeter with test leads and optional carrying case.
الفيديو 3.1: فتح الصندوق والبدء في الكتابةview of the Brother HD-390D Analog Multimeter.
4. انتهى المنتجview
The HD-390D features a clear analog display, a central rotary switch for function and range selection, and input jacks for test leads. An Ohm adjustment knob is provided for resistance measurements.
Figure 4.1: Front panel of the HD-390D Multimeter.
المكونات الرئيسية:
- العرض التناظري: Large, easy-to-read scale for measurement readings.
- مفتاح دوار: Selects measurement function (Voltage, Current, Resistance, Battery) and range.
- مقابس الإدخال: Connect test leads. 'COM' for common (black lead), 'VΩmA+' for positive (red lead) for most measurements, '+10A' for high current measurements.
- Ω ADJ Knob: Used to zero the meter for resistance measurements.
- Transistor/Diode Test Sockets: Dedicated sockets for testing transistors (NPN/PNP hFE) and diodes.
5. الإعداد
5.1 تركيب البطارية
The multimeter requires two 1.5V AAA batteries and one 9V battery for operation. These are not included.
- Locate the battery cover on the back of the multimeter.
- Slide the cover down and open as indicated by the 'PULL DOWN' and 'OPEN' markings.
- Insert the two 1.5V AAA batteries and one 9V battery, observing correct polarity.
- أغلق غطاء البطارية بشكل محكم.
Figure 5.1: Back panel with battery and fuse access.
5.2 توصيل أسلاك الاختبار
احرص دائمًا على توصيل أسلاك الاختبار بشكل صحيح لإجراء قياسات دقيقة وآمنة.
- أدخل سلك الاختبار الأسود في مقبس "COM" (المشترك).
- بالنسبة لمعظم القياسات (الحجم)tage, Resistance, low Current), insert the red test lead into the 'VΩmA+' jack.
- For high current measurements (up to 10A), insert the red test lead into the '+10A' jack.
Figure 5.2: Multimeter with test leads connected.
6. تعليمات التشغيل
Before taking any measurement, ensure the test leads are properly connected and the rotary switch is set to the desired function and range.
6.1 العاصمة المجلدtage Measurement (DC V)
- Connect the red lead to 'VΩmA+' and the black lead to 'COM'.
- Set the rotary switch to the desired DC V range (e.g., 0.1V, 0.5V, 2.5V, 10V, 50V, 250V, 1000V). Start with the highest range if the voltagالبريد غير معروف.
- قم بتوصيل مجسات الاختبار بالتوازي عبر المكون أو الدائرة المراد قياسها.
- اقرأ المجلدtage value from the appropriate DC V scale on the analog display.
6.2 أس فولtage Measurement (AC V)
- Connect the red lead to 'VΩmA+' and the black lead to 'COM'.
- Set the rotary switch to the desired AC V range (e.g., 10V, 50V, 250V, 1000V). Start with the highest range if the voltagالبريد غير معروف.
- قم بتوصيل مجسات الاختبار بالتوازي عبر المكون أو الدائرة المراد قياسها.
- اقرأ المجلدtage value from the appropriate AC V scale on the analog display.
6.3 DC Current Measurement (DC A)
- For currents up to 250mA, connect the red lead to 'VΩmA+' and the black lead to 'COM'. For currents up to 10A, connect the red lead to '+10A' and the black lead to 'COM'.
- Set the rotary switch to the desired DC A range (e.g., 0.05mA, 0.25mA, 2.5mA, 25mA, 250mA, 10A). Start with the highest range if the current is unknown.
- مهم: Connect the multimeter in series with the circuit to be measured. Break the circuit and insert the meter.
- Read the current value from the appropriate DC A scale.
6.4 AC Current Measurement (AC A)
- For currents up to 250mA, connect the red lead to 'VΩmA+' and the black lead to 'COM'. For currents up to 10A, connect the red lead to '+10A' and the black lead to 'COM'.
- Set the rotary switch to the desired AC A range (e.g., 0.05mA, 0.25mA, 2.5mA, 25mA, 250mA, 10A). Start with the highest range if the current is unknown.
- مهم: Connect the multimeter in series with the circuit to be measured. Break the circuit and insert the meter.
- Read the current value from the appropriate AC A scale.
6.5 قياس المقاومة (Ω)
- Connect the red lead to 'VΩmA+' and the black lead to 'COM'.
- Set the rotary switch to the desired Resistance range (e.g., X1, X10, X1K, X10K, X100K).
- التعديل الصفري: Short the test leads together. While shorted, adjust the 'Ω ADJ' knob until the needle points to '0' on the Ohm scale. This must be done for each resistance range.
- Connect the test probes across the component to be measured (ensure the component is de-energized).
- Read the resistance value from the Ohm scale and multiply by the selected range multiplier.
6.6 اختبار البطارية (BATT)
- Connect the red lead to 'VΩmA+' and the black lead to 'COM'.
- Set the rotary switch to the 'BATT' function (1.5V or 9V).
- قم بتوصيل مجسات الاختبار بأطراف البطارية، مع مراعاة القطبية.
- اقرأ حجم البطاريةtage from the appropriate battery scale.
6.7 Diode and Transistor Check
- Set the rotary switch to the 'Ω X 10' range for transistor and diode checks.
- For transistor hFE measurement, insert the transistor leads into the appropriate NPN or PNP sockets.
- For diode check, use the extra jack as indicated in the specifications.
6.8- التحقق من الاستمرارية
- Set the rotary switch to the 'Continuity Check' position (often indicated by a speaker icon).
- قم بتوصيل مجسات الاختبار عبر الدائرة أو المكون.
- If the resistance is less than 200 Ohms, the beeper will sound, indicating continuity.
7. المواصفات
The following table details the technical specifications of the Brother HD-390D Analog Multimeter:
الشكل 7.1: DC Voltagالمواصفات.
الشكل 7.2: AC Voltage, Current, Resistance, and other Specifications.
| ميزة | مواصفة |
|---|---|
| المجلد ACtagنطاقات البريد | 0.1 فولت، 0.5 فولت، 2.5 فولت، 10 فولت، 50 فولت، 250 فولت، 1000 فولت |
| المجلد العاصمةtagنطاقات البريد | 0.1 فولت، 0.5 فولت، 2.5 فولت، 10 فولت، 50 فولت، 250 فولت، 1000 فولت |
| نطاقات التيار المتردد | 0.05mA, 0.25mA, 2.5mA, 25mA, 250mA, 10A |
| نطاقات التيار المستمر | 0.05mA, 0.25mA, 2.5mA, 25mA, 250mA, 10A |
| نطاقات المقاومة | X1 (0.2 ~ 2KΩ), X10 (2 ~ 20KΩ), X1K (200 ~ 2MΩ), X10K (2K ~ 20MΩ), X100K (20K ~ 200MΩ) |
| اختبار البطارية | 1.5 فولت، 9 فولت |
| فحص الترانزستور | hFE: 0-1000 (via extra jack, at Ω X 10 Range) |
| فحص الصمام الثنائي | IF, IR, LI, LV (at Ω X 10 Range) |
| التحقق من الاستمرارية | Beeper sounding (<200 Ohm) |
| مزود الطاقة | 2 x 1.5V AAA batteries, 1 x 9V battery |
| وضع التشغيل | المدى اليدوي |
| شهادة | CE |
| Standard Environmental Conditions | 23°C ± 5°C, humidity <75% RH |
| Working Environment Range | 0°C ~ 40°C, humidity <90% RH |
| أبعاد | 160 مم × 105 مم × 40 مم |
8. الصيانة
8.1 التنظيف
لتنظيف جهاز القياس المتعدد، امسح الغلاف بمادة لاصقة.amp استخدم قطعة قماش ومنظفًا معتدلًا. تجنب استخدام المواد الكاشطة أو المذيبات. تأكد من إيقاف تشغيل الجهاز وفصله عن جميع الدوائر الكهربائية قبل التنظيف.
8.2 استبدال البطارية
When the battery indicator shows low power, replace the batteries promptly to ensure accurate readings. Refer to Section 5.1 for battery installation instructions.
8.3 استبدال الصمامات
إذا توقفت وظيفة قياس التيار عن العمل، فقد يكون الفيوز قد احترق. لاستبدال الفيوز:
- Ensure the multimeter is powered off and disconnected from all circuits.
- Open the battery cover on the back of the unit (refer to Figure 5.1).
- Carefully remove the old fuse(s).
- Replace with new fuses of the specified ratings: 0.5A/250V for mA ranges and 10A/250V for the 10A range.
- أغلق غطاء البطارية بشكل محكم.
9. استكشاف الأخطاء وإصلاحها
- لا توجد قراءة أو قراءة غير مستقرة: Check battery levels and replace if necessary. Ensure test leads are securely connected and not damaged. Verify the rotary switch is set to the correct function and range.
- Incorrect resistance reading: Perform Ohm adjustment (zeroing) as described in Section 6.5. Ensure the component being tested is de-energized.
- لا يعمل قياس التيار: Check the fuse(s) and replace if blown (refer to Section 8.3). Ensure the meter is connected in series with the circuit.
- لا يتحرك المؤشر: Ensure the meter is powered on (if applicable for specific functions) and the test leads are making good contact.
10 نصائح المستخدم
- ابدأ دائمًا بأعلى نطاق: عند قياس حجم غير معروفtage or current, always start with the highest range setting and then decrease it until you get a suitable reading. This prevents overloading the meter.
- Zero Ohm adjustment: Remember to perform the Ohm adjustment (zeroing) every time you change the resistance range for accurate readings.
- Observe polarity: For DC measurements, observing polarity is important. If the needle deflects backward, reverse the test leads.
- Analog vs. Digital: Analog multimeters are great for observing trends and fluctuating signals, as the needle movement can show changes more dynamically than a digital display.
11. الضمان والدعم
For warranty information or technical support, please refer to the documentation provided at the point of purchase or contact your vendor. Keep your purchase receipt as proof of purchase.
